The Impact of the Ukraine War on Russian Espionage in Europe

Amid the intense global media coverage of the military conflict in Ukraine, another battle is being waged largely in the shadows: Russia's spy network across Europe is being decimated. The first part of this report will consider how, while the mass removal of alleged spies is undoubtedly a major setback to the Kremlin's spying activities in Europe, there are undoubtedly limitations and trade-offs in effectiveness. The second part will evaluate whether Europe's mass diplomatic expulsions can really curb Russian espionage in the cyber age.